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Thursday, August 12, 2010

What is the difference between just an AP and a wireless router?

An AP is a radio transmitter/receiver that connects to your wired (ethernet) network. This is a way to add wireless to an existing home network. These devices connect to a router so information coming from your broadband connect can be distributed (or routed) to your Axim or other wireless devices via radio waves.

Routers typically include switches that will allow you to plug multiple devices into them with ethernet patch cables and also serve as a DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server to assign IP numbers (an identifying number for your device) to the connected devices. A wireless router (i.e., a combination router/AP) is both apparatuses in a single unit. If you currently have a broadband connection to a single PC (Figure 3) but want to add connections for your Axim and other equipment, a combination router would be an easier way to do this (Figure 4) and would provide flexibility to expand your network easily, for example, to add another computer attached by an Ethernet cable and/or a laptop with WiFi (Figure 5). Use of a Wireless Router would also be an alternative to adding an AP to an existing network (Figure 2) if you simply want to reduce the number of apparatuses in your network.











Again, the same players have this type of equipment: Netgear MR814, Linksys BEFW11S4, Belkin F5D6231-4 , D-Link DI-614+, and SMC 2404WBR. As with other equipment discussed in this FAQ, there have been some individual problems with certain models, in particular, the SMC router has had range problems with several users.

The newest router equipment follows the 802.11g standard (discussed below. However, to date, PPCs with built-in wireless follow the "B" standard. In most cases, "G" equipment is compatible with "B," but if your main interest in WiFi is for use with your Pocket PC, you can save some money by getting "B" equipment.

Wednesday, August 11, 2010

WLAN extend - wireless range extension

On this page I will show you Methods for WLAN extend of radio coverage area. If you go farther away from access point, bandwidth and signal are lower and lower, until the point where there is no signal at all. The biggest impact on range of one access point has power of its transmitter.

Different WLAN standards signals have different ranges. You can compare them on what does wlan stand for

Interference could also influence on strength and range of signal. Other wireless networks or other sources of wireless signals can interference your WLAN network. This could cause decrease in radio coverage.

Obstacles like building, walls, especially steel reinforcing, or some natural obstacles even could cause complete loss of signal. Black spots are places where there is no signal at all.

BSS (Basic Service Set) is range of one access point. In many situations and applications radio coverage of one access point is not enough.

You could use following methods for extension of WLAN radio coverage:

1) Use access point in repeater mode - wireless distribution system.

2) Increase power level of access point.

3) Distribute access points optimally.

4) Use of secondary access point with non-overlapping channels.

5) WiFi signal booster

Setting up a wireless network or how to set up WiFi with the best security

Setting up a wireless network is not such an easy task. Check the best way for setting up home wireless network



How to set up WiFi ?


The best way is to start with finding your wireless router IP address. After that, connect to your wireless router IP address with your internet browser and start Setting up a wireless router.

Setting up wireless network ends up with Setting up Wireless card.

You need to know that parameters on wireless router and wireless cards have to match in order that the wireless card could connect to the router. This means, if you choose WPA with PSK as authentication on your wireless router, the same kind of authentication needs to be used on your wireless card. The pre-shared key also has to match. If you have MAC filtering applied on your wireless router, the MAC address of your wireless card needs to be added to the list.

All these things need to be taken care of, if you want to finish up with the successful wireless network setup.

Wireless troubleshooting ( 2 )

While not exhaustive, this section covers some common problems faced with wireless support.

There is much more information available from the Community Documentation.

This troubleshooting guide is designed to be carried out in order. If you reach the end of a section and are not directed to another - then try the section called “Wireless” and should it fail begin at the start again.

Check that the device is on

1. Many wireless network devices can be turned on or off. Check to see if there is a hardware switch, some devices can be switched off from Windows and may need to be turned back on from Windows.

2. If it is turned on then see the section called “Check for device recognition”.

Check for device recognition


1. Claimed - this indicates a driver is loaded but not functioning, see the section called “Using Windows Wireless Drivers”

2. Unclaimed - there is no driver loaded, see the section called “Using Windows Wireless Drivers”.

3. Enabled - there is a driver loaded, see the section called “Check for a connection to the router”.

4. Disabled - see the section called “Check that the device is on”.

Using Windows Wireless Drivers

Ubuntu supports a system known as NDISWrapper. This allows you to use a Windows wireless device driver under Ubuntu.

  1. Obtain the Windows Driver for your system and locate the file that ends with .inf.

  2. Install the ndisgtk package.

  3. Open ndisgtk (System → Administration → Windows Wireless Drivers).

  4. Select Install new driver.

  5. Choose the location of your Windows .inf file and click Install.

  6. Click OK.

Check for a connection to the router

  1. Open a Terminal (Applications → Accessories → Terminal) and type the command: iwconfig.

  2. If the ESSID for our router is shown there may be a problem with ACPI support. Boot the kernel with the pci=noacpi option.

Check IP assignment

1. Open a Terminal (Applications → Accessories → Terminal) and type the command: ifconfig.

2. If there is an IP address shown see the section called “Check DNS”.

3. From the Terminal enter the command: sudo dhclient if_name where if_name is the connection listed earlier.

4. If you receive a message that says bound to xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx then see the section called “Check DNS”

5. If not then reboot the system.

Check DNS

  1. Open a Terminal (Applications → Accessories → Terminal) and type the command: ping -c3 85.190.27.2.

  2. Now type the command: ping www.ubuntu.com. If you get a response from the both then see the section called “IPv6 Not Supported”.

  3. Type the command: cat /etc/resolv.conf. If there is no nameserver listed then contact your ISP and find out your primary and secondary domain name servers. Once you have this information see the section called “Wireless”.

IPv6 Not Supported

  1. IPv6 is supported by default in Ubuntu and can sometimes cause problems.

  2. To disable it, open a Terminal (Applications → Accessories → Terminal) and type the command: gksudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/aliases.

  3. Find the line alias net-pf-10 ipv6 and change it to read alias net-pf-10 off.

  4. Reboot Ubuntu.




How can you protect from Hacking WPA?

Hacking WPA - If you are here to learn how to hack WPA, you are on the wrong place. Here I will learn you how to protect your wireless network.

I have written a lot on Home-WLAN about a WPA. I have encouraged you to use WPA instead of WEP. But many of you have heard something about cracked WPA and that WPA is not safe any more.

Here are some useful advices on how to protect your wireless network from WPA hacking.

So the secret of your unbreakable WPA is very simple:

1) When you use WPA - authentication PSK with TKIP encryption in your home or small office:
- Shorten the timing of TKIP in wireless routers, so that keys are refreshed in less then 2 minutes.
- Do not put for pre-shared key world from dictionary and that is short in length. Use instead 63 characters password that is combination of random characters including special symbols.

2) In enterprise enviroment do not use WPA - authentication PSK with TKIP encryption. Use WPA with AES (Advanced Encryption System) encryption.

Wireless Internet Security

Wireless Internet Security was always a big issue. Check here free tips on wireless LAN security and how to secure wireless networks like they are wired.

Disabling the physical access to the network is the most important thing in the security. For the wireless networks this is much bigger issue than for the wired networks. Because of this reason, wireless networks use authentication and encryption for better security.

The biggest problem with wireless LAN security was that it used WEP as the algorithm protecting IEEE 802.11 wireless networks. WEP open or shared with wireless authentication has never deserved its name.
Here you can read about how to find a WEP key less than in a minute.

There is a replacement for WEP that guaranties much better WLAN security than WEP. The best advice is to use WPA and WPA2. What is WPA and much more about it read here.

On WEP vs WPA you could find comparison of WEP and WPA and why it is recommended to use WPA.

WLAN security with the use of Radius server, EAP and WPA could be even better than security for wired networks. The only issue is how much money and time you are ready to invest for WLAN security.

The most common Radius servers are Microsoft Radius server, FreeRadius server and Steel Belted Radius. Read more about the Radius server.

Lately there have been lots of articles and videos about hacking WPA. Read more about hacking WPA and how can you make wireless LAN security unbreakable


Broadband Wireless Router


Broadband wireless router is a wireless access point that has routing functionalities and that has broadband connection. Broadband connection is provided by fiber optics, DSL, ethernet or cable modem.

Every wireless broadband router is a Wireless access point (connects wireless devices like computers and PDA-s to a wired network) with broadband access and a router (a device that forward packets between computer networks) at the same time.

You could also find names like wireless internet modem or wireless modem, basically they are the same devices like wireless router.

Wireless networks use different protocols for connection:

- Wireless LAN (WLAN) or WiFi
- Bluetooth
- GPRS, UMTS, HSDPA – from cellular networks

Wireless networks comparing to wired networks have security issues. This is the reason why every wireless broadband router has the integrated security features.

Security in wireless broadband router is accomplished with:
- WPA, WPA2, 802.1x, WEP – encryption and the authentication standards
- MAC filtering, hiding of SSID
- Firewall

Firewall enables you to block some specific computer networks or protocols to reach your local network.